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Mahjong in the Western World

The earliest mention of Majong outside of China was by Stewart Culin in 1895. Culin was an American anthropologist and he wrote a paper in which Majong was mentioned. In 1920 is an important year in the history of Majong in the Western World. Joeseph Park Babcock wrote the "Rules of Mah-Jongg" which simplified the rules of Mah-jongg and simply known as the "red book" Although Babcock's rules was the ealiest version of Mah-jonng introduced to America, when the Mahjong fad of the twenties died out, many of the simplified rules penned by Babcock died out as well.

When the game was imported to America from China in the 1920's it took on a life of it's own. There were many different trademarked names used like, "Pung Chow" and "Game of Thousand Intelligences". During this fad it became fashionable to decorate rooms in a Chinese style and to dress like the Chinese for Mahjonng nights. One of the more interesting facts out how popular Mahjong was during this time was that there were several hit songs recorded that related to Mahjonng like the song by Eddie Cantor called "Since Ma is Playing Mah Jong".

By the 1930's there had been many revisions to the rules of Mahjong that it was noticably different from Babcock's classic version. standardization came when the National Mah Jongg League was formed in 1937 which published the first American Mahjong rulebook titles, Maajh: The American Version of the Ancient Chinese Game.

Unlike many other Mahjongg games found throughout the world the American version is considered a family-friendly social activity and it is not generally used for gambling.

In 1977 British author Alan D. Millington revived the Chinese Classical gam eof the 1920's by publishing "The Complete Book of Mah-Jongg". This book contains a formal rule set for Mahjongg and many in Western Countries consider this book authoritative.





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